Use of Directed Acyclic Graphs
نویسنده
چکیده
This supplement describes how counterfactual theory is used to define causal effects and the conditions in which observed data can be used to estimate counterfactual-based causal effects. Basic definitions and language used in causal graph theory are then presented. The graphical separation rules linking the causal assumptions encoded in a diagram to the statistical relations implied by the causal diagrams are then presented. The supplement concludes with a description of how Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) can be used to select covariates for statistical adjustment, identify sources of bias, and support causal interpretation in comparative effectiveness studies. Supplement 2. Use of Directed Acyclic Graphs
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